Acute cerebrovascular accidents (strokes) are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. According to the World Health Organization, approximately 15 million stroke cases are recorded annually, with about 5 million resulting in fatalities and another 5 million leading to permanent disability.
Despite significant progress in thrombolytic therapy and endovascular treatment methods, existing therapeutic approaches have limitations, including a narrow therapeutic window and potential complications.
In recent decades, a new direction in stroke treatment has emerged—cell therapy using various types of stem cells. This method has demonstrated significant potential in neuroprotection, neuroregeneration, and modulation of post-stroke inflammation.
Of particular interest is the possibility of applying cell therapy at different stages of the disease, from the acute phase to late rehabilitation.
Why Stem Cells?
Stem cells possess a unique ability to transform into various types of cells in the body and stimulate recovery processes. In stroke treatment, they can:
• Replace dead neurons
• Stimulate the formation of new blood vessels
• Reduce inflammation
• Secrete growth factors for tissue repair
Acute Phase (First Hours and Days)
In the first hours after a stroke, the main goal is to save as many nerve cells as possible. Research shows that early administration of stem cells can:
• Reduce the area of brain damage
• Decrease the inflammatory response
• Prevent cell death in the surrounding areas
Important! At this stage, standard emergency medical treatments take priority. Stem cell therapy is considered an additional method of treatment.
Subacute Phase (2–4 Weeks)
During this period of active neuroplasticity, the brain is particularly receptive to recovery therapy. Stem cell therapy during this phase aims to:
• Stimulate the formation of new neural connections
• Improve blood supply to affected areas
• Activate the brain’s natural recovery mechanisms
Recovery Phase (Up to 6 Months)
In this stage, stem cells contribute to:
• Accelerating motor function recovery
• Improving speech in cases of aphasia
• Stimulating cognitive recovery
• Enhancing the effectiveness of rehabilitation efforts
Chronic Phase (After 6 Months)
Even in the late phase, stem cell therapy can provide benefits such as:
• Reducing spasticity
• Improving fine motor skills
• Supporting further functional recovery
How Is the Treatment Administered?
There are several methods of delivering stem cells:
• Intravenous administration
• Intrathecal administration (into the cerebrospinal fluid)
• Intranasal administration
Who Is Suitable for This Treatment?
Stem cell therapy may be recommended for patients who:
• Have a confirmed diagnosis of ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke
• Do not have active oncological diseases
• Are free from acute infectious processes
• Have undergone thorough medical evaluation
Expected Outcomes
The effects of treatment vary depending on several factors:
• Stroke severity
• Timing of treatment initiation
• The patient’s overall condition
• Consistency of rehabilitation efforts
• Combination with other treatment methods
Important: Stem cell therapy is not a magic solution. The best results are achieved through a comprehensive approach that includes:
- Medication
- Physical rehabilitation
- Speech therapy
- Occupational therapy
- Psychological support
Cell therapy opens new possibilities in stroke treatment at all stages of the disease. However, it is important to remember that it is only part of a comprehensive treatment plan. The decision to use stem cells should be made individually for each patient after a thorough evaluation of indications and contraindications.
Appointments for consultations and additional information are available at our clinic. We are ready to answer all your questions and help you choose the optimal treatment program.
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